3.2 Rates of sex reporting and participation trends
From the 426 studies that were analyzed, 420 studies (98.8%) reported sex as a patient demographic (Figure 4A). Among those 420 studies, the mean rate of participation for males was 69.02% (95% CI 67.66% - 70.38%) and the mean for females was 30.98% (95% CI 29.62% - 32.34%), yielding a statistically significant difference in participation rates between males and females (p <0.001) (Table 2) (Figure 4B).