3.2 F1 Females, but not males, show delayed glucose response similar to type II diabetes
Blood glucose was measured at three lifetime points (8, 25, and 38 weeks) to understand if in utero iAs exposure causes type II diabetes (T2D) associated phenotypes in F1 offspring. Throughout the study, F1 male mice exhibited no differences in glucose metabolism (Figure 4.B) . F1 female offspring of 10 ppb dams exhibited consistent (i.e. multi-timepoint) dysregulated metabolism of glucose during the 25- and 38-week oral glucose challenges (Figure 4.A). No significant differences were identified in Area Under the Curve (AUC) analysis (Supplemental 1.A and 1.B). Our data indicate a low exposure of 10 ppb iAs during pregnancy contributes to irregular metabolism of glucose in late life F1 females.
3.3 Maternal iAs exposure does not influence anxiety or memory behaviors in F1 or F2 offspring
We performed marble burying to determine whether gestational iAs exposure induced anxiety and a Y-maze assessment for spatial memory within adult F1 and F2 mice (Supplemental Figure 2, Supplemental Figure 3 ). We identified no significant differences between exposure groups and control for either generation in both the marble burying and spontaneous alteration behavior in the Y-maze. These results suggest that in utero iAs exposure does not cause anxiety or impair spatial memory in F1 and F2 adult mice.