Figure legends
Figure 1 . The profiles of biomass, cell viability, living cells (A) and residual glucose, ethanol, glycerol (B) as a sinusoidal function with different phases (0 or π) in an oscillation period. P1-5 represent five sampling points at the beginning (P1), bottom (P2), middle (P3), top (P4), and end (P5) of the biomass oscillation period.
Figure 2 . Statistical analysis for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) according to log2 ratio≥1 or ≤-1. Comparison between adjacent samples (left) and samples P2-5 to P1 (right).
Figure 3 . Integrated view of metabolome and transcriptome in central carbon metabolism pathways for neighboring samples. The gene expression and metabolite pool were marked as squares and circles, respectively. Red, green, and yellow represented up-regulation, down-regulation and no significant changes between two samples. Refer to Figure S3 for more detail of the metabolites and enzymes shown.
Figure 4 . The concentrations of main intracellular metabolites (A) and the gene expression level (B) as a function of time in an oscillation period, including the main pathways of carbon metabolism, such as EMP (Red), Ethanol production (Pink), TCA (Yellow), Glycerol generation (Purple), Trehalose generation (Green), PPP (Blue) and other related factors (Black).
Figure 5. The expression level of genes related to stress responses.
Figure 6. Analysis of DEGs in the synthesis of ribosome subunits. The DEGs between (A) P2/P1, (B) P3/P2, (C) P4/P3, (D) P5/P4, and (E) the sin curve of DEGs total counts.